Ghash function of gcm forex
The class used to fall back to a direct connection in case it could not connect through a proxy server see JDK Now HttpURLConnection does not use a direct connection if the target proxy server is down or otherwise misconfigured. Consider this enhancement when migrating to the new version of Azul Zulu. The feature is added in the following versions: This build-time option tunes Azul Zulu bundles in a way to demonstrate better startup performance on some embedded systems. Azul Zulu bundles built with this option can be identified by the -embvm- suffix in the bundle file name this suffix was removed from bundle names in October It was added to Azul Zulu 8 for compatibility reasons.
Known issues When using Azul Zulu 8 8. A wireless system which can assign additional sequences to designated users is also disclosed. The wireless system can also transfer information to user equipment that enables methods for sequence generation and sequence detection.
The generator is configured to selectively generate a random number sequence RNS utilizing a punctured ring structure. The MRC is coupled to the generator and configured to perform a mixed radix conversion to convert the RNS from a first number base to a second number base. The encryptor is configured to generate an altered data stream by combining the RNS in the second number base with the DS.
The punctured ring structure and the MRC are configured in combination to produce an RNS in the second number base which contains a priori defined statistical artifacts after the mixed radix conversion. In one exemplary implementation, there is provided a method of generating H output data streams from W data input streams produced from input data.
Further exemplary implementations may comprise a transformation process that includes producing an H-sized intermediary for each of the W inputs, combining the H-sized intermediaries into an H-sized result, and processing the H-sized result into the H output data streams. Cousins Method for generating the multiplicative inverse in a finite field GF p Patent number: Abstract: The essence of the invention is an effective method for generating the multiplicative inverse in a finite field GF p where p is prime, i.
The method is for binary execution of operations during the process of generating the modular inverse, with respect to the lowest number of addition, subtraction and shift operations possible. The proposed method avoids redundant operations for converting odd and negative values, which are performed in methods currently in use.
To achieve that, negative numbers are represented in the two's complement code, values in the control part of the EEA are shifted to the left, and a new definition of the boundary and control conditions is utilized in the procedure. Minimizing the number of additions and subtractions is desirable for calculations with large numbers often encountered in cryptography.
The combiner is operable to combine integer quotient values and residual values from predetermined steps of the step sequence to obtain the result. Type: Grant Date of Patent: July 7, Assignee: Infineon Technologies AG Montgomery modular multiplier and method thereof Patent number: Abstract: A method for power reduction and increasing computation speed for a Montgomery modulus multiplication module for performing modulus multiplication. A coding scheme reduces the hamming distance for partial product and multiple modulus selection, reducing MUX operations and power consumption.
Inventor: Hee Kwan Son Accelerated prime sieving using architecture-optimized partial prime product table Patent number: Abstract: This embodiment teaches a variation of GCD-based sieving, building tables of prime products, but intentionally restricting the size of table entries to fit within a single machine word. This combination allows one to mix advantages of the two most popular sieves, while retaining the simple and straightforward structure of the simpler one.
Divisor length restriction can provide significant savings in the number of long divisions, but may be implemented with only two very specific primitives. The two primitives offer better optimization capabilities than a fully generic multiword arithmetic library. GF 2n. The method includes permuting the last d coefficients an? Inventors: Weon-il Jin, Mi-suk Huh, Kyung-hee Lee, Bum-jin Im Galois field multiplication system and method Patent number: Abstract: A present invention Galois field multiplier system and method utilize lookup tables to generate one partial product term and one feedback term in one clock cycle.
In one embodiment, a Galois field multiplier system includes a plurality of shift registers, a plurality of exclusive OR components, a partial product lookup table, and a feedback table lookup table. The plurality of shift registers perform shift multiplication operation and are coupled to the plurality of shift registers that perform addition operations.
The partial product lookup table and feedback lookup tables are selectively coupled to the exclusive OR components and values from the partial product lookup table and feedback lookup tables are fed into the selectively coupled exclusive OR components. Coefficients of the partial product term and feedback term are utilized as indexes to the partial product lookup table and feedback lookup table respectively. A finite field multiplication structure in which an operand multiplication and a finite field reduction are formulated as a serial-serial computation is also disclosed.
Ibrahim Condensed Galois field computing system Patent number: Abstract: A condensed Galois field computing system including a multiplier circuit for multiplying first and second polynomials with coefficients over a Galois field to obtain their product; and a Galois field linear transformer circuit for applying an irreducible polynomial of power n to the product including a partial result generator responsive to terms of power n and greater in the product for providing a folded partial result and a Galois field adder for condensing the folded partial result and the terms less than power n in the product to obtain Galois field transformer of power n of the product.
Spreading code derived from weil sequences Patent number: Abstract: Methods and systems relating to Weil-based spreading codes are described herein. In an embodiment, a method includes generating a set of Weil sequences, adapting a plurality of sequences of the set of Weil sequences to form a first plurality of codes, and selecting a second plurality of codes from the first plurality of codes. A code of the first plurality of codes is selected based at least on a correlation associated with the code.
Each code of the first plurality of codes has a predetermined length. Mm-1 and the hash key H. Then, the combined form for the final output is further divided into two odd and even parallel calculating parts. According to the two parallel calculating parts and the hash key H, the final output of the GHASH operation is calculated. This invention may calculate the additional authenticated data A and the ciphertext C in parallel. It may also calculate the even-order input data and odd-order input data in parallel.
Type: Application Publication date: March 26, Inventor: Chih-Hsu Yen Encryption processor for performing accelerated computations to establish secure network sessions connections Patent number: Abstract: Methods and apparatus for an encryption processor for performing accelerated computations to establish secure network sessions. The encryption processor includes an execution unit and a decode unit.
The execution unit is configured to execute Montgomery operations and including at least one adder and at least two multipliers. Type: Grant Date of Patent: March 24, Assignee: Broadcom Corporation Hardware accelerator for elliptic curve cryptography Patent number: Abstract: An elliptic curve processing apparatus that performs operations on elliptic curves specified over binary polynomial fields includes a functional unit that has a digit serial multiplier with a digit size of at least two bits.
The elliptic curve processing apparatus performs reduction for respective generic curves using arbitrary irreducible polynomials, which correspond to respective ones of the generic curves. The elliptic curve processing apparatus may include hardwired reduction circuits in the functional unit for use with respective named curves. A storage location in the elliptic curve processing apparatus may be used to specify whether an operation is for one of the named curves or for one of the generic curves.
Inventors: Hans Eberle, Nils Gura, Daniel Finchelstein, Sheueling Chang-Shantz, Vipul Gupta Method of generating cryptographic key using elliptic curve and expansion in joint sparse form and using same Patent number: Abstract: A method of generating a cryptographic key between two users.
First, the users select an elliptic curve. Next, the users select a point P on the curve. Next, the first user selects integers ra and wa and the second user selects integers rb and wb. Next, the first user transmits Ra and Wa to the second user and the second user transmits Rb and Wb to the first user. Next, the first user generates ca from what it possesses while the second user generates cb from what it possesses in equivalent fashion.
Next, the first user generates ga as a function of wa, ra, Wb, and Rb and the second user generates gb as a function of wb, rb, Wa, and Ra, in equivalent fashion. Next, the first user binarily expands on ca and ga in joint sparse form and the second user does the same on cb and gb. The new single function stage GF multiplication requires only m-bits per internal logic stage, a savings of m?
In addition, these techniques are further described in the context of packed data form computation, VLIW processing, and processing on multiple processing elements in parallel. Detectors and descramblers in Fibonacci configuration relate to generators and scramblers with LFSRs in Galois configuration.
The content of a shift register in a sequence detector in Galois configuration is calculated. Binary and n-valued scramblers in Galois configuration are matched with corresponding self-synchronizing descramblers with Linear Forward Connected Shift Registers. Systems, including communication systems apply scramblers and descramblers, sequence generators and sequence detectors in Galois configuration.
Type: Grant Date of Patent: February 3, Inventor: Peter Lablans System and method to implement a matrix multiply unit of a broadband processor Patent number: Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for improving the performance of general-purpose processors by implementing a functional unit that computes the product of a matrix operand with a vector operand, producing a vector result.
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For certain applications, t may be 64 or 32, but the use of these two tag lengths constrains the length of the input data and the lifetime of the key. Moreover, GCM is neither well-suited for use with very short tag-lengths nor very long messages. Ferguson and Saarinen independently described how an attacker can perform optimal attacks against GCM authentication, which meet the lower bound on its security.
If the tag length t is shorter than , then each successful forgery in this attack increases the probability that subsequent targeted forgeries will succeed, and leaks information about the hash subkey, H. Eventually, H may be compromised entirely and the authentication assurance is completely lost.
For this reason, the system or protocol that implements GCM should monitor and, if necessary, limit the number of unsuccessful verification attempts for each key. It is a NIST standard designed to avoid security flaws in authenticated encryption. This representation is based on the NIST recommendation. You can find the whole document at this link. Next, you calculate the pre-counter block J0. Notice that the calculation of J0 is calculated depends on the length of the initialization vector.
The operator denotes string concatenation. After that, you calculate the value of the initial counter block by using the bit increment function. We use this tag for authentication. The algorithm returns the ciphertext C and the authentication tag T.
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It is a NIST standard designed to avoid security flaws in authenticated encryption. This representation is based on the NIST recommendation. You can find the whole document at this link. Next, you calculate the pre-counter block J0. Notice that the calculation of J0 is calculated depends on the length of the initialization vector.
The operator denotes string concatenation. After that, you calculate the value of the initial counter block by using the bit increment function. We use this tag for authentication. The algorithm returns the ciphertext C and the authentication tag T. In general, t may be any one of the following five values: , , , , or For certain applications, t may be 64 or 32, but the use of these two tag lengths constrains the length of the input data and the lifetime of the key.
Moreover, GCM is neither well-suited for use with very short tag-lengths nor very long messages. Ferguson and Saarinen independently described how an attacker can perform optimal attacks against GCM authentication, which meet the lower bound on its security. If the tag length t is shorter than , then each successful forgery in this attack increases the probability that subsequent targeted forgeries will succeed, and leaks information about the hash subkey, H.
Eventually, H may be compromised entirely and the authentication assurance is completely lost.
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